vestichИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия химических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series1561-83312524-2342The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1561-8331-2026-62-2-114-123vestich-1014Research ArticleАНАЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ХИМИЯANALYTICAL CHEMISTRYИдентификация моторных масел с использованием биомаркеров методом газовой хроматографии с масс-спектрометрическим детектированиемIdentification of engine oils using biomarkers by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detectionhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-9351-5138ГромыкоС. Н.HramykaS. N.

Громыко Сергей Николаевич – заместитель начальника отдела.

Ул. Кальварийская, 43, 220073, Минск

Hramyka Siarhei N. – Deputy Head of Department.

43, Kalvariyskaya Str., 220073, Minsk

siarheihramyka@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3201-3511АгабалаевА. А.AhabalayeuA. A.

Агабалаев Александр Андреевич – кандидат химических наук.

Пр-т Независимости, 65, 220013, Минск

Ahabalayeu Aliaksandr A. – Ph. D. (Chemistry).

65, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220013, Minsk

alexandrmailbox@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8400-6359ЗаяцМ. Ф.ZayatsM. F.

Заяц Михаил Фёдорович – доктор химических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой.

Ул. Ленинградская, 14, 220030, Минск

Zayats Mikhail F. – Dr. Sci. (Chemistry), Associate Professor, Head of the Department.

14, Leningradskaya Str., 220030, Minsk

mikhail_zayats@tut.byhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5378-1718ЛещёвС. М.LeshchevS. M.

Лещёв Сергей Михайлович – доктор химических наук, профессор.

Ул. Ленинградская, 14, 220030, Минск

Leschev Sergey M. – Dr. Sci. (Chemistry), Professor.

14, Leningradskaya Str., 220030, Minsk

leschev.sergey54@gmail.comГосударственный комитет судебных экспертиз Республики БеларусьБеларусьState Forensic Examination Committee of the Republic of BelarusBelarusБелорусский национальный технический университетБеларусьBelarusian National Technical UniversityBelarusБелорусский государственный университетБеларусьBelarusian State UniversityBelarus202626052026622114123Copyright © Громыко С.Н., Агабалаев А.А., Заяц М.Ф., Лещёв С.М., 20262026Громыко С.Н., Агабалаев А.А., Заяц М.Ф., Лещёв С.М.Hramyka S.N., Ahabalayeu A.A., Zayats M.F., Leshchev S.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestichem.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1014

Проведен анализ 12 образцов товарных моторных масел одного класса вязкости 10w-40 методами газовой хроматографии с пламенно-ионизационным (ГХ/ПИД) и масс-спектрометрическим (ГХ/МСД) детектированием. Показано, что идентификация моторных масел методом ГХ/ПИД, как и ГХ/МСД, со сбором данных в режиме полного ионного тока практически не позволяет выявить различия между исследованными моторными маслами ввиду весьма незначительных различий регистрируемых хроматограмм соответствующих образцов. Показано, что использование ГХ/МСД с регистрированием хроматограмм в режиме выбранных ионов, характерных для уникальных нефтяных биомаркеров, позволяет выявить различия в компонентном составе рассмотренных масел. Полученные экспериментальные данные демонстрируют возможность использования полуколичественной оценки содержания нефтяных биомаркеров для идентификации масел при проведении судебной экспертизы нефтепродуктов и горюче-смазочных материалов. По содержанию биомаркеров в товарных моторных маслах также можно выявить фальсификацию высокоочищенных моторных масел путем подмены или подмешивания минеральных масел, не прошедших должной технологической обработки.

Twelve samples of commercial engine oils of the same viscosity class 10w-40 were analyzed using gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection (hereinafter referred to as GC/FID and GC/MSD, respectively). It was shown that the identification of engine oils by GC-FID, as well as GC/MSD with data collection in the total ion current mode, does not practically allow us to detect differences between the studied motor oils due to very minor differences in the recorded chromatograms of the corresponding samples. It is shown that the use of GC/MSD with the registration of chromatograms in the selected ion mode, characteristic of unique petroleum biomarkers, makes it possible to identify differences in the component composition of the considered oils. The obtained experimental data demonstrate the possibility of using a semi-quantitative assessment of the content of petroleum biomarkers for the identification of oils during forensic examination of petroleum products and fuels and lubricants (hereinafter referred to as PP and FL). Based on the content of biomarkers in commercial engine oils, it is also possible to detect adulteration of highly refined semi-synthetic or synthetic oils by substituting or mixing mineral oils made without proper processing.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.