vestichИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия химических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series1561-83312524-2342The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1561-8331-2018-54-2-216-225vestich-323Research ArticleГЕОХИМИЯGEOCHEMISTRYИЗМЕНЕНИЕ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ ПХБ В ПОЧВАХ В ЗОНЕ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ ЛАКОКРАСОЧНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ г. ЛИДА, БЕЛАРУСЬ)TRENDS OF PCBs CONTENT IN SOILS IN IMPACT ZONE OF PAINT AND VARNISH MANUFACTURE (ON AN EXAMPLE OF LIDA CITY, BELARUS)КухарчикТ. И.KukharchykT. I.

Кухарчик Тамара Иосифовна – д-р географ. наук, гл. науч. сотрудник.

ул. Ф. Скорины, 10, 220114, Минск.

Tamara I. Kukharchyk – D. Sc. (Geography), Leading researcher.

10, F. Skorina Str., 220114, Minsk.

tkukharchyk@gmail.comКозыренкоМ. И.KozyrenkoM. I.

Козыренко Маргарита Ивановна – канд. географ. наук, науч. сотрудник.

ул. Ф. Скорины, 10, 220114, Минск.

Margarita I. Kozyrenko – Ph. D. (Geography), Researcher.

10, F. Skorina Str., 220114, Minsk.

margarita_kozyrenko@tut.byИнститут природопользования Национальной академии наук Беларуси.Institute of Nature Management, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.201823062018542216225Copyright © Кухарчик Т.И., Козыренко М.И., 20182018Кухарчик Т.И., Козыренко М.И.Kukharchyk T.I., Kozyrenko M.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestichem.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/323

Одной из сфер применения полихлорированных бифенилов (ПХБ) на протяжении многих лет являлось лакокрасочное производство. В Беларуси совол пластификаторный (пентахлордифенил) использовался на ОАО «Лако- краска» в г. Лиде (Гродненская область). Утечки и разливы совола, готовой продукции, загрязненных сточных вод, а также рассеяние отходов привели к загрязнению почв опасными веществами. В статье обобщены результаты иссле- дования содержания ПХБ в почве на промплощадке и в санитарно-защитной зоне, выполненные в период с 2004 по 2014 гг. и включавшие определение 7 изомеров ПХБ (28, 52, 101, 118, 153, 138, 180). Установлено снижение содержания ПХБ за указанный период, обусловленное, вероятно, естественной деградацией органических соединений: в среднем концентрация суммы 7 изомеров ПХБ снижалась с интенсивностью примерно 2 мг/кг или 9 % в год. Показано, что несмотря на почти 20-летний период после окончания применения совола, территория промплощадки остается загрязненной, а остаточные концентрации соединений ПХБ в десятки и сотни раз превышают установленные нормативы. Выявленное сходство изомерного состава ПХБ в почвах промплощадки и прилегающей территории, особенно в отложениях ложбины стока со стороны предприятия свидетельствует о перераспределении ПХБ с поверхностным стоком и формировании вторичных аномалий. Поскольку при дехлорировании ПХБ возможно образование высокоопасных диоксиноподобных соединений, целесообразно развитие исследований с расширением перечня контролируемых изомеров ПХБ.

Technical mixtures based on PCBs (Sovol plasticizer) were used for the more than 30 years for paint and varnish manufacture in Lida city (Grodno region, Belarus). Soils on the territory of enterprises and adjacent area have been contaminated as a result of Sovol leakages as well as releases of waste water and solid waste. Investigations of PCBs content in soil have been fulfilled in the period from 2004 to 2014. PCB congeners (PCB-28, PCB-52, PCB-101, PCB-118, PCB-153, PCB-138 and PCB-180) in soil samples were detected by gas chromatography with ECD and chromatography mass spectrometry. Since the start of investigation, PCBs content in soil has been decreased with the rate of about 2 mg / kg, or 9 %, per year. Despite the almost 20-year period after Sovol was banned, the industrial area is still contaminated and the residual concentrations of PCBs are higher in dozens and hundreds times than maximum permissible level. The similarity of the PCB congeners profiles in the soils of the industrial site and the adjacent area, especially in the runoff area, indicates the redistribution of PCBs with runoff and the formation of secondary pollution site.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.