vestichИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия химических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series1561-83312524-2342The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1561-8331-2020-56-2-235-249vestich-589Research ArticleОБЗОРЫПолучение и анализ пиролизных маселPreparation and analysis of pyrolysis oilsГенароваТ. Н.HenaravaT. M.

Генарова Татьяна Николаевна – науч. сотрудник

ул. П. Бровки, 15, 220072, Минск

Аспирант 

ул. Ленинградская, 4, 220000, Минск

Tatsiana M. Henarava – Researcher

15, Brovki Str., 220072, Minsk

Postgraduate Student 

4, Leningradskaya Str., 220000, Minsk

tatiana-susliako@mail.ruЛещевС. М.LeschevS. M.

Лещев Сергей Михайлович – д-р хим. наук, профессор

ул. Ленинградская, 4, 220000, Минск

Sergei M. Leschev – D. Sc. (Chemistry), Professor

4, Leningradskaya Str., 220000, Minsk

Leschev.sergey54@gmail.comСавчинВ. В.SauchynV. V.

Савчин Василий Васильевич – канд. техн. наук, зав. отделом

ул. П. Бровки, 15, 220072, Минск

Vasili V. Sauchyn – Ph. D. (Engineering), Head of the Department

15, Brovki Str., 220072, Minsk

sauchyn@itmo.byЛевкинаВ. В.LevkinaV. V.

Левкина Валентина Владимировна – аспирант 

Ленинские горы, 1, 119991, Москва

Valentina V. Levkina – Postgraduate Student 

1, Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow

jugora@mail.ruИнститут тепло- и массобмена им. А. В. Лыкова Национальной академии наук Беларуси; Белорусский государственный университетA. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus; Belarusian State UniversityБелорусский государственный университетBelarusian State UniversityИнститут тепло- и массобмена им. А. В. Лыкова Национальной академии наук БеларусиA. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute of National Academy of Sciences of BelarusМосковский государственный университет им. М. В. ЛомоносоваLomonosov Moscow State University202007062020562235249Copyright © Генарова Т.Н., Лещев С.М., Савчин В.В., Левкина В.В., 20202020Генарова Т.Н., Лещев С.М., Савчин В.В., Левкина В.В.Henarava T.M., Leschev S.M., Sauchyn V.V., Levkina V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestichem.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/589

Проведен аналитический обзор способов получения пиролизных масел различных отходов, обсуждены возможности и ограничения каждого подхода. Жидкие продукты пиролиза (пиролизные масла) являются перспективным источником ценных химических соединений, а также могут использоваться в качестве топлива. Достоверный анализ пиролизных масел необходим для изучения их компонентного состава, основных характеристик и поиска наиболее эффективных методов извлечения из них соединений. Известно, что результаты газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии (ГХ-МС) жидких пиролизатов, как правило, не однозначны: существуют проблемы наложения пиков и неверной интерпретации полученных данных, обусловленные сложностью матрицы и многокомпонентностью состава объекта. Представлены данные по химическому составу пиролизных масел, полученных методами элементного анализа, ИК-спектроскопии, ЯМР-спектрометрии, ГХ-МС, ГХ-ГХ-МС. Исходя из представленных результатов, пиролизное масло содержит, как правило, ароматические соединения, водорастворимые вещества и углеводороды. Обнаружено, что в научной литературе имеются противоречивые данные по химическому составу пиролизных масел изношенных автомобильных шин. Предложено проводить последовательную экстракционную пробоподготовку пиролизных смесей для повышения достоверности и точности компонентного и количественного состава ГХ-МС методом. Очевидно, достоверный анализ сложных пиролизных смесей без предварительной целенаправленной пробоподготовки маловероятен.

A critical review of the methods for producing pyrolysis waste oils was carried out, the possibilities and limitations of each approach were discussed. Liquid pyrolysis products (pyrolysis oils) are promising source of valuable chemical compounds, and can be also used as a fuel. A reliable analysis of pyrolysis oils is necessary to study their component composition, basic characteristics and to select the most suitable methods for the extraction of the necessary compounds. It is known that the results of GC-MS analysis of liquid pyrolysis products are usually ambiguous: there are problems of peaks overlapping and incorrect interpretation of the data, due to the complexity of the matrix and the multicomponent composition of the object. The paper presents data on the chemical composition of pyrolysis oils obtained by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, NMR spectrometry, GC-MS, GC-GC/MS. Based on the presented results, pyrolysis oil usually contains aromatic compounds, water-soluble substances and hydrocarbons. It was found out that there are conflicting data on the chemical composition of the pyrolysis oils of waste tires in the scientific literature. It is proposed to carry out sequential extraction sample preparation of pyrolysis mixtures to increase the reliability and accuracy of the componential and quantitative composition of the GC-MS method. Obviously, a reliable analysis of complex pyrolysis mixtures without preliminary targeted sample preparation seems unlikely.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.