vestichИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия химических наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series1561-83312524-2342The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1561-8331-2022-58-4-423-432vestich-768Research ArticleНАУКИ О ЗЕМЛЕEARTH SCIENCEПоступление сурьмы в атмосферный воздух на территории Беларуси: источники, уровни и многолетняя динамикаThe release of antimony into the atmospheric air on the territory of Belarus: sources, levels and long-term dynamicshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4267-0948КакарекаС. В.KakarekaS. V.

Какарека Сергей Витальевич – доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией.

Ул. Ф. Скорины, 10, 220076, Минск

Kakareka Sergey V. – D. Sc. (Engineering), Professor, Head of the Laboratory.

10, Skoriny str., 220076, Minsk

sk001@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3434-1244КухарчикТ. И.KukharchykT. I.

Кухарчик Тамара Иосифовна – доктор географических наук, доцент, главный научный сотрудник.

Ул. Ф. Скорины, 10, 220076, Минск

Kukharchyk Tamara I. – D. Sc.(Geography), Associate Professor, Chief Researcher.

10, Skoriny str., 220076, Minsk

tkukharchyk@gmail.comИнститут природопользования, Национальная академия наук БеларусиInstitute for Nature Management, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus202229112022584423432Copyright © Какарека С.В., Кухарчик Т.И., 20222022Какарека С.В., Кухарчик Т.И.Kakareka S.V., Kukharchyk T.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestichem.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/768

Обсуждаются результаты первой оценки поступления сурьмы в атмосферный воздух на территории Беларуси. Определены основные антропогенные источники выбросов сурьмы, разработаны удельные показатели выбросов и рассчитаны объемы ее поступления за период с 1990 по 2020 г. Показано, что валовые выбросы сурьмы изменялись в диапазоне от 1,6 до 5,6 т в год с максимальными значениями в начале 1990-х годов и минимальными – в 2000 г. Выбросы сурьмы в 2020 г. на территории страны оценены в 2,4 т, вклад Беларуси в глобальные выбросы – в 0,1 %. Установлен нисходящий тренд выбросов сурьмы за 30-летний период и изменение вклада основных источников в валовые выбросы. Существенное снижение вклада стационарного сжигания топлива (с 66 до 14 %) обусловлено изменением топливного баланса; оно сопровождалось увеличением вклада истирания тормозов (от 34 до 61 %). Полученные данные могут быть использованы для моделирования переноса и рассеивания сурьмы, оценки риска для здоровья и экосистем, при разработке мероприятий по сокращению поступления сурьмы в окружающую среду.

The results of the first assessment of the antimony release into the atmospheric air on the territory of Belarus are discussed. The main anthropogenic sources of antimony emission have been identified, the emission factors have been developed, and the volumes of antimony emission for the period from 1990 to 2020 have been calculated. It is shown that total antimony emissions varied in the range from 1.6 to 5.6 tons per year with maximum values in the early 1990 s, and minimal – in 2000. Antimony emission in 2020 on the territory of the country is estimated at 2.4 t, the contribution of Belarus to global emission is 0.1 %. Decreasing trend of antimony emission over a 30-year period and a change in the contribution of the main sources to total emission have been established. A significant decrease in the contribution of stationary combustion of fuel (from 66 to 14 %) is due to a change in the fuel balance and is accompanied by increase of the contribution of brake wear (from 34 to 61 %). The data obtained can be used to model the transport and dispersion of antimony, to assess health and ecosystems risks, and to develope measures to reduce the releases of antimony into the environment.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.