<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestich</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия химических наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1561-8331</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1561-8331-2024-60-3-222-234</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestich-898</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИООРГАНИЧЕСКАЯ ХИМИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние липосомальной формы алтеплазы на эффективность тромболизиса в коронарных артериях при остром инфаркте миокарда</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of the liposomal form of alteplase on the effectiveness of thrombolysis in coronary arteries in acute myocardial infarction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7218-3649</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агабеков</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agabekov</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Агабеков Владимир Енокович – академик, доктор химических наук, профессор, заведующий отделом</p><p>ул. Ф. Скорины, 36, 220141, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Agabekov Vladimir E. – Academician, D. Sc. (Chemistry), Professor. Head of the Department</p><p>36, F. Skoryna Str., 220141, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agabekov@ichnm.basnet.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6572-8842</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адзерихо</surname><given-names>И. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Adzerikho</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адзерихо Игорь Эдуардович – доктор медицинскихнаук, профессор</p><p>ул. П. Бровки, 3/3, 220013, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Adzerikho Igor E. – D. Sc. (Medicine), Professor</p><p>3/3, P. Browka Str., 220013, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0777-192X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Владимирская</surname><given-names>Т. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vladimirskaya</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимирская Татьяна Эрнстовна – кандидат биологических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. П. Бровки, 3/3, 220013, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimirskaya Tat’yana E. ‒ Ph. D. (Biol.), AssociateProfessor, Leading Researcher, Head of the Department 3/3, P. Browka Str., 220013, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tan_2304@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубатовка</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubatouka</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дубатовка Екатерина Ивановна – младший научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Ф. Скорины, 36, 220141, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dubatouka Katsiaryna I. – Junior Researcher</p><p>36, F. Skoryna Str., 220141, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d_katerina@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жилкевич</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhilkevich</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жилкевич Алена Вячеславовна – младший научыйсотрудник</p><p>ул. П. Бровки, 3/3, 220013, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhilkevich Aliona V. – Junior Researcher. BelarusianState Medical University</p><p>3/3, P. Browka Str., 220013, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alenazhilkevich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лутик</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lutsik</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лутик Ирина Леонидовна – младший научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. П. Бровки, 3/3, 220013, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lutsik Iryna L. – Junior Researcher. Belarusian StateMedical University</p><p>3/3, P. Browka Str., 220013, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lutik-irinka@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт химии новых материалов Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Chemistry of New Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-3"><institution>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>222</fpage><lpage>234</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Агабеков В.Е., Адзерихо И.Э., Владимирская Т.Э., Дубатовка Е.И., Жилкевич А.В., Лутик И.Л., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Агабеков В.Е., Адзерихо И.Э., Владимирская Т.Э., Дубатовка Е.И., Жилкевич А.В., Лутик И.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Agabekov V.F., Adzerikho I.E., Vladimirskaya T.E., Dubatouka K.I., Zhilkevich A.V., Lutsik I.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestichem.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/898">https://vestichem.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/898</self-uri><abstract><p>Разработана липосомальная (Лип) форма доставки тканевого активатора плазминогена алтеплазы (АлТ). Изучен количественный и качественный состав липосом, их физико-химические характеристики и протеолитическая активность липосомальной формы тромболитика. Установлено, что состав липосом с соотношением фосфатидилхолин / холестерин 1,5 : 1 и липиды / алтеплаза 1 : 1 является оптимальным для лечения острого инфаркта миокарда (ОИМ) в эксперименте. При различных соотношениях компонентов липосомы имели отрицательное значение дзета-потенциала &gt; 30 мВ, что указывает на их агрегативную устойчивость, в том числе и после хранения в течение 2 суток при 20 °С. Липосомы, полученные из соевого фосфатидилхолина, обладают большей коллоидной устойчивостью (значение дзета-потенциала ~ –57 мВ) и имеют меньшее значение гидродинамического диаметра (~ 140 нм) по сравнению с липосомами из яичного фосфатидилхолина (~ –35,4 мВ и ~ 220 нм соответственно). Исходное содержание «свободной» АлТ липосом в супернатанте из яичного фосфатидилхолина ЛипЯ(АлТ) составило 15,0 ± 4,0 %, в течение периода инкубации (4 суток) концентрация АлТ уменьшается до 9,0 ± 4,5 %. В случае липосом из соевого фосфатидилхолина ЛипС(АлТ) содержание АлТ в течение периода инкубации увеличивается от 11,0 ± 4,5 до 32,5 ± 6,0 %. Значения протеолитических активностей тканевого активатора плазминогена в составе ЛипЯ(АлТ) и ЛипС(АлТ) зависят от типа фосфатидилхолина. Исходная активность АлТ в ЛипЯ(АлТ) составила 36,0 % и через 1 сутки она увеличилась до 45 %, активность АлТ в ЛипС(АлТ) составила 61,0 %, и через 1 сутки увеличилась до 66,0 %. При использовании липосомальной формы доставки алтеплазы в коронарных артериях крыс с ОИМ отмечается более полный лизис фибрина, в отличие от животных, получающих нативную форму препарата. Разработанная система адресной доставки алтеплазы на основе соевых липосом позволяет (p &lt; 0,05) увеличить более чем на 15 % степень восстановления просвета коронарной артерии по сравнению с действием обычного препарата. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A liposomal (Lip) formulation of tissue plasminogen activator, alteplase (AlT), has been developed. The quantitative and qualitative composition of the liposomes, as well as their physicochemical properties and proteolytic activity, have been studied in relation to the thrombolytic liposomal form. It was determined that a formulation consisting of liposomes with a phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol ratio of 1.5 : 1, and lipids/alteplase ratio of 1 : 1, is optimal for treating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in experimental models. At different component ratios, liposomes had a negative zeta potential value greater than 30 mV, indicating their aggregative stability, even after storage for two days at 20 degrees Celsius. Liposomes derived from soy phosphatidylcholine showed greater colloidal stability with a zeta potential of approximately –57 mV and a lower hydrodynamic diameter of approximately 140 nanometers, compared to liposomes derived from egg phosphatidylcholine, which had a zeta potential around –35.4 mV and a hydrodynamic diameter around 220 nanometers. The initial content of free AlT in the liposome supernatant from egg phosphatidylcholine (Lipeg) was 15.0 ± 4.0 %. During the incubation period of 4 days, the concentration of free AlT decreased to 9.0 ± 4.5 %. In contrast, in liposomes derived from soy phosphatidylcholine (LipS), the content of free AlT increased from 11.0 ± 4.5 % to 32.5 ± 6.0 % over the same incubation period. The value of the proteolytic activity of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in the compositions of Lipeg(AlT) and Lips (AlT) depends on the type of phosphatidylcholine. The initial tPA activity in Lipeg (AlT) was 36.0 %, and after 1 day, it increased to 45 %. In Lips (AlT), the initial activity was 61.0 % and increased to 66 % after 1 day. When using the liposomal form of alteplase for delivery into the coronary arteries of rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), a more complete fibrin lysis is noted compared to animals receiving the native form of the drug. The developed system of targeted delivery of alteplase using soy liposomes has been shown to significantly improve the degree of coronary artery lumen restoration by more than 15 %, compared to the use of a conventional drug (p &lt; 0.05). </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>липосомы</kwd><kwd>гидродинамический диаметр</kwd><kwd>дзета-потенциал</kwd><kwd>протеолитическая активность</kwd><kwd>острый инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>алтеплаза</kwd><kwd>тромболизис</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>liposomes</kwd><kwd>hydrodynamic diameter</kwd><kwd>zeta potential</kwd><kwd>proteolytic activity</kwd><kwd>acute myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>alteplase</kwd><kwd>thrombolysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тараховский, Ю. С. Интеллектуальные липидные наноконтейнеры в адресной доставке лекарственных веществ / Ю. С. Тараховский. – М.: Изд-во ЛКИ, 2011. – 280 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarakhovskii Yu. S. Intelligent lipid nanocontainers in targeted drug delivery. Мoscow, Publishing house LKI, 2011. 280 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Advanced drug delivery systems for antithrombotic agents / C. F. Greineder [et al.] // Blood. – 2013. – Vol. 122., № 9. – P. 1565–1575. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2013-03-453498</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greineder C. F., Howard M. D., Carnemolla R., Cines D., Muzykantov V. Advanced drug delivery systems for antithrombotic agents. Blood, 2013, vol. 122., no. 9, pp. 1565–1575. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2013-03-453498</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nanomedicine as a strategy to fight thrombotic diseases / M. Varna [et al.] // Future Sci. OA. – 2015. – Vol. 1, № 4. – FSO46. https://doi.org/10.4155/fso.15.46</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Varna M., Juenet M., Bayles R., Mazighi M., Chauvierre C., Letourneur D. Nanomedicine as a strategy to fight thrombotic diseases. Future Science OA, 2015, vol. 1, no. 4. https://doi.org/10.4155/fso.15.46</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liposomal nanocarriers for plasminogen activators / S. Koudelka [et al.] // J. Controlled Release. – 2016. – Vol. 227, № 10. – P. 45–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.02.019</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koudelka S., Mikulik R., Mašek J., Raška M., Turánek Knotigová P., Miller A. D., Turánek J. Liposomal nanocarriers for plasminogen activators. Journal of Controlled Release, 2016, vol. 227, no. 10, pp. 45–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.02.019</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liposomes: A Review of Manufacturing Techniques and Targeting Strategies / B. Maherani [et al.] // Curr. Nanosci. – 2011. – Vol. 7, Iss. 3. – P. 436–452. https://doi.org/10.2174/157341311795542453</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maherani B., Arab-Tehrany E., Mozafari M. R., Gaiani C., Linder M. Liposomes: A Review of Manufacturing Techniques and Targeting Strategies. Current Nanoscience, 2011, vol. 7, iss. 3, pp. 436 – 452. https://doi.org/10.2174/157341311795542453</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The role of liposomes in clinical nanomedicine development. What now? Now what? / D. J. A. Crommelin [et al.] // J. Controlled Release. – 2020. – Vol. 318. – P. 256–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.12.023</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Crommelin D. J. A., Hoogevest P., Storm G. The role of liposomes in clinical nanomedicine development. What now? Now what? Journal of Controlled Release, 2020, vol. 318, pp. 256–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.12.023</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Перспективы применения в клинической практике наноразмерных форм лекарственных препаратов / Ю. М. Краснопольский [и др.] // Рос. хим. журн. – 2012. – Т. 56, № 3–4. – С. 11–33.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krasnopolsky Yu. M., Balabanyan V. Yu., Shobolov D. L., Shvets V. I. Prospective clinical applications of nanosized drugs. Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2013, vol. 83, pp. 2524–2540.  https://doi.org/10.1134/s1070363213120517</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Получение комплексных препаратов на основе липосомальной формы стрептокиназы и их фармакокинетические характеристики / Е. И. Дубатовка [и др.] // Докл. Нац. акад. наук Беларуси. – 2017. – Т. 61, № 6. – С. 50–57.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dubatouka K. I., Lutsik I. L., Cherniavsky E. A., Bondarenko E. S., Adzerikho I. E., Agabekov V. E. Preparation of complex formulations based on liposomal streptokinase and their pharmacokinetic characteristics. Doklady Natsional’noi akademii nauk Belarusi = Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 2017, vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 50–57 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Экспериментальное изучение физико-химических, фармакокинетических свойств и степени безопасности комплексного препарата стрептокиназы на основе фибрин-специфичных липосом / И. Л. Лутик [и др.] // Кардиология в Беларуси. – 2019. – Т. 11, №. 5. – С. 729–743.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lutik I. L., Vladimirskaya T. E., Chernyavsky E. A., Dubatovka E. I., Adzerikho I. E. Experimental study of the physicochemical, pharmacokinetic properties and degree of safety of a complex preparation of streptokinase based on fibrin-specific liposomes. Cardiology in Belarus, 2019, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 729–743 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Development and characterization of site specific target sensitive liposomes for the delivery of thrombolytic agents / B. Vaidya [et al.] // Int. J. Pharm. – 2011. – Vol. 403, № 1–2. – P. 254–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.10.028</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaidya B., Nayak M. K, Dash D., Agrawal G. P., Vyas S. P. Development and characterization of site specific target sensitive liposomes for the delivery of thrombolytic agents. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2011, vol. 403, no. 1–2, pp. 254–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2010.10.028</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fibrinspecific liposomes as a potential method of delivery of the thrombolytic preparation streptokinase / I. E. Adzerikho [et al.] //J. Thromb. Thrombolysis. – 2022. – Т. 53, №. 2. – С. 313–320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-021-02614-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adzerikho I. E., Vladimirskaya T. E., Lutsik I. L., Dubatouka K. I., Agabekov V. E., Branovitskaya E. S., Chernyavsky E. A., Lugovska N. Fibrinspecific liposomes as a potential method of delivery of the thrombolytic preparation streptokinase. Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis, 2022, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 313–320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-021-02614-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Влияние липосомальной формы стрептокиназы на образование Д-димеров / Е. И. Дубатовка [и др.] // Докл. Нац. акад. наук Беларуси. – 2016. – Т. 60, № 6. – С. 54–58.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dubatouka K. I., Agabekov V. E., Lutsik I. L., Yatsevich V. N., Adzerikho I. E. Effect of liposomal streptokinase on D-dimers formation. Doklady Natsional’noi akademii nauk Belarusi = Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 2016, vol. 60, no. 6, pp. 54–58 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bradford, M. M. A rapid and sensitive method for the estimation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding / M. M. Bradford // Anal. Biochem. – 1976. – Vol. 72, N 1-2. – P. 248–254. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1976.9999</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bradford M. M. A rapid and sensitive method for the estimation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 1976, vol. 72, no. 1-2, pp. 248–254. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1976.9999</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сompton, S.J. Mechanism of dye response and interference in the Bradford protein assay / S. J. Сompton, G. G. Jones // Anal. Biochem. – 1985. – Vol. 151, N 2. – P. 369–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(85)90190-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Сompton S. J., Jones, G. G. Mechanism of dye response and interference in the Bradford protein assay, Analytical Biochemistry, 1985, vol. 151, no. 2, pp. 369–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(85)90190-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Efficiency of targeted delivery of streptokinase based on fibrin-specific liposomes in the in vivo experiment / I. E. Adzerikho [et al.] // Drug Deliv. Transl. Res. – 2023. – Т. 13, №. 3. – С. 811–821. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-022-01242-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adzerikho I., Vladimirskaya T., Lutsik I., Dubatouka K., Agabekov V. Efficiency of targeted delivery of streptokinase based on fibrin-specific liposomes in the in vivo experiment. Drug Delivery and Translational Research, 2023, vol. 13, iss. 3, pp. 811–821. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-022-01242-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The preparation of human fibrinolysin (plasmin) / J. T. Sgouris [et al.] // Vox. Sang. – 1960. – Vol. 5, N 4. – P. 357–376. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1423-0410.1960.tb03750.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sgouris J. T., Inman J. K., McCall K. B., Hyndman L. A., Anderson H. D. The preparation of human fibrinolysin (plasmin). Vox Sanguinis, 1960, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 357–376. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1423-0410.1960.tb03750.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Temperature-sensitive liposome-mediated delivery of thrombolytic agents / V. Saxena [et al.] // Int. J. Hyperth. – 2015. – Vol. 31, N. 1. – P. 67–73. https://doi.org/10.3109/02656736.2014.991428</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saxena V., Johnson C. G., Negussie A. H., Karun V. S., Dreher M. R., Wood B. J. Temperature-sensitive liposome-mediated delivery of thrombolytic agents. International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2015, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 67–73. https://doi.org/10.3109/02656736.2014.991428</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The use of PEGylated liposomes to prolong circulation lifetimes of tissue plasminogen activator / J.-Y. Kim [et al.] // Biomaterials. – 2009. – Vol. 30, № 29. – P. 5751–5756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.07.021</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim J.-Y., Kim J.-K., Park J.-S., Byun Y., Kim C.-K. Biomaterials The use of PEGylated liposomes to prolong circulation lifetimes of tissue plasminogen activator. Biomaterials, 2009, vol. 30, no. 29, pp. 5751–5756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.07.021</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Y. J., Pearlman R. Stability and Characterization of Protein and Peptide Drugs. Phar-maceutical biotechnology / Y. J. Wang, R. Pearlman. – New York ; London : Plenum press, 1993. – 353 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1236-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Y. J., Pearlman R. Stability and Characterization of Protein and Peptide Drugs. Pharmaceutical biotechnology. New York ; London, Plenum press Publ, 1993. 353 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1236-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шалимов, С. А. Руководство по экспериментальной хирургии / С. А. Шалимов, А. П. Радзиховский, Л. В. Кейсевич. – М. : Медицина, 1989. – 144 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shalimov S.A., Radzihovskij A.P., Kejsevich L.V. Manual of experimental surgery. Мoscow: Meditsina Publ, 1989. 144 p. (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thrombus-targeted nanocarrier attenuates bleeding complications associated with conventional thrombolytic therapy / S. Absar [et al.] // Pharm. Res., 2013. – Vol. 30. – P. 1663–1676. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-013-1011-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Absar S., Nahar K., Y. Kwon M., Ahsan F. Thrombus-targeted nanocarrier attenuates bleeding complications associated with conventional thrombolytic therapy. Pharmaceutical Research, 2013, vol. 30, pp. 1663–1676. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s11095-013-1011-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
