SURFACE PROPERTIES OF ANIONICALLY-ORIENTED ZWITTERIONIC SURFACTANTS BASED ON AMINES AND CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

The compositions of surfactants based on carboxylic acids and aliphatic amines with a different number of amino groups in the chain and the length of the hydrocarbon radical were obtained using the methodology of “green chemistry” by realization of the principle of multicomponent reactions. The information about the basic functional groups and structure of the objects of study: epoxidated rapeseed oil, which is one of the sources of organic acids in the compositions, and anionically-oriented synthesized zwitterionic surfactants, was obtained using IR-spectroscopy. Based on the results of surface tension at the solution - air interface measuring by du Noüy ring method, the isotherms of surfactant aqueous solutions in an alkaline medium were plotted and the colloid-chemical properties, such as surface tension of the surfactant aqueous solution under the critical micelle concentration, the Gibbs free energy of adsorption, the surface activity and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance, were defined. All investigated surfactant compositions were shown to reduce effectively the surface tension (up to 25.2 mN/m), while the critical micelle concentration and the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance decrease with the increase of hydrophobicity degree in the amine homologous series due to the increase of the length of the hydrocarbon radical. The absolute value of the standard free energy of adsorption increases with the increase of hydrophobicity degree. The high values of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance for the investigated surfactants (16 ÷ 22) make it possible to use them as effective emulsifiers for preparation of type I (oil / water) emulsions and foaming agents. The foaming capacity of the surfactant based on oleic acid and pentaethylenehexamine was estimated as well.

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