Fabrication of microstructured poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) films with controlled surface topography

The possibility of fabrication of microstructured poly-3-hydroxybutyrate films by self-assembly water microdroplets technique, using artificial templates and polymer inverse emulsions has been studied. It has been established that self-assembly water microdroplets technique allows forming ordered microstructures of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate with a hexagonal arrangement of cells with an adjustable diameter from 1 to 4 цт. It has been shown that application of inverse emulsions of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate allows us to fabricate porous films with a pore size in the range from 0.4 to 3 ^m, while the structure of the films and the pore size can be controlled by changing the polymer concentration in the dispersion medium and the volume ratio of the phases. Using spin-coating technique and artificial templates, it is possible to obtain poly-3-hydroxybutyrate microstructured replicas, which are characterized by a high degree of uniformity and the absence of defective areas. It has been shown that the formed microstructured poly-3-hydroxybutyrate films with controlled surface topography are promising for use as scaffolds for stem cells.

1. Mota C., Puppi D., Chiellini F., Chiellini E. Additive manufacturing techniques for the production of tissue engineering constructs. Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 2015, vol. 9 (3), pp. 174-190. https://doi.org/10.1002/term.1635

2. L'Heureux N., Letourneur D. Clinical translation of tissue-engineered constructs for severe leg injuries. Annals of translational medicine, 2015, vol. 3(10), pp. 134. https://doi.org/10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.05.03

3. Shi Sh., Wang X. H., Guo G., Fan M., Huang M. J., Qian Z. Y. Preparation and characterization of macroporous (D,L-lactic acid) film for tissue engineering scaffold. International journal of nanomedicine, 2010, vol. 5, pp. 1049-1055. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S13169

4. Li L., Chen C., Li J., Zhang A., Liu X., Xu B., Gao S., Jin G., Ma Z. Robust and hydrophilic polymeric films with honeycomb pattern and their cell scaffold applications. Journals of materials chemistry, 2009, vol. 19, pp. 2789-2796. https://doi.org/10.1039/B820279F

5. Kawano T., Sato M., Yabu H., Shimomura M. Honeycomb-shaped surface topography induces differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs): uniform porous polymer scaffolds prepared by the breath figure technique. Biomaterial Sciences, 2014, vol. 2, pp. 52-56. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3bm60195a

6. Beattie D., Wong K. H., Williams Ch., Poole-Warren L. A., Davis T. P., Barner-Kowollik Ch., Stenzel M. H. Honeycomb-Structured Porous Films from Polypyrrole-Containing Block Copolymers Prepared via RAFT Polymerization as a Scaffold for Cell Growth Danelle. Biomacromolecules. 2006, vol. 7, pp. 1072-1082. https://doi.org/10.1021/bm050858m

7. Turnbull G., Clarke J., Picard F., Riches P., Jia L., Han F., Li B., Shu W. 3D bioactive composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Bioactive Materials, 2018, vol. 3, pp. 278-314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2017.10.001

8. Bonartsev A. P., Bonartseva G. A., Reshetov I. V., Kirpichnikov M. P., Shaitan K. V. Application of polyhydroxyalkanoates in medicine and the biological activity of natural poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). Acta Naturae, 2019, vol. 11, no. 41, pp. 4-16. https://doi.org/10.32607/20758251-2019-11-2-4-16

9. Braun H.-G., Meyer E. Microprinting - a new approach to study competitive structure formation on surfaces. Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 1999, vol. 20, pp. 325-327. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-3927(19990601)20:6<325::AID-MARC325>3.0.CO;2-R

10. Francois B., Pitois O., Francois J. Polymer films with a self-organized honeycomb morphology. Advance Material, 1995, vol. 7, pp. 1041-1044. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.19950071217

11. Widawski G., Rawiso M., Francois B. Self-organized honeycomb morphology of star-polymer polystyrene films. Nature, 1994, vol. 369, pp. 387-389. https://doi.org/10.1038/369387a0.

12. Wan L.-Sh., Zhu L.-W., Ou Y., Xu Zh.-K. Multiple interfaces in self-assembled breath figures. Chemical Communications, 2014, vol. 50, pp. 4024-4039. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cc49826c

13. Bonartsev A. P., Zharkova I. I., Yakovlev S. G., Myshkina V. L., Mahina T. K., Voinova V. V., Zernov A. L., Zhuikov V. A., Akoulina E. A., Ivanova E. V., Kuznetsova E. S., Shaitan K. V., Bonartseva G. A. Biosynthesis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) copolymers by Azotobacter chroococcum 7B: A precursor feeding strategy. Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2017, vol. 47, pp. 173-184. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826068.2016.1188317

14. Volkov A. V., Muraev A. A., Zharkova I. I., Voinova V. V., Akoulina E. A., Zhuikov V. A., Khaydapova D. D., Chesnokova D. V., Menshikh K. A., Dudun A. A., Makhina T. K., Bonartseva G. A., Asfarov T. F., Stamboliev I. A., Gazhva Y. V., Ryabova V. M., Zlatev L. H., Ivanov S. Y., Shaitan K. V., Bonartsev A. P. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/hydroxyapatite/algi-nate scaffolds seeded with mesenchymal stem cells enhance the regeneration of critical-sized bone defect. Materials Science and Engineering: C, Materials for biological application, 2020, vol. 114, pp. 110991. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.110991

15. Shadrina V. I., Bashmakov I. A., Gracheva E. A., Agabekov V. E., Kaputskii F. N. Influence of the conditions of formation of nitrocellulose honeycomb-structure films on their morphology. Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2010, vol. 83, pp.1318-1323. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1070427210070281

16. Kulikouskaya V., Chyshankou I., Pinchuk S., Vasilevich I., Volotovski I., Agabekov V. Fabrication and characterization of ultrathin spin-coated poly(L-lactic acid) films suitable for cell attachment and curcumin loading. Biomedical Materials, 2020, vol. 15, article 065022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-605X/aba40a

17. Dong W., Zhou Y., Yan D., Mai Y., He L., Jin C. Honeycomb-Structured Microporous Films Made from Hyperbranched Polymers by the Breath Figure Method. Langmuir, 2009, vol. 25, pp. 173-178. https://doi.org/10.1021/la802863m

18. Nagayama G., Zhang D. Intermediate wetting state at nano/microstructured surfaces. Soft Matter, 2020, vol. 16, pp. 3514-3521. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9SM02513H