Processing of bedded phosphate rock (Karatau basin) by acid-free method

This article is devoted to the acid-free processing of bedded phosphorites from the Zhanatas deposit of the Karatau basin. The choice of phosphate ores from the Karatau basin (Kazakhstan) as a promising raw material for the production of phosphorus-containing complex fertilizers in the Republic of Belarus using acid-free technologies was substantiated. Aqueous solutions of ammonium chloride, sulfate and nitrate, urea and potassium chloride with concentrations corresponding to saturated solutions under standard conditions were used as phosphate activating agents. The influence of the chemical composition of salts and mass ratio between salt and phosphate rock on the degree of phosphate flour activation in water-salt suspensions was researched. It is shown that the greatest activating effect is produced by the use of solutions of ammonium salts in interaction with phosphate flour subjected to mechanical activation. It is established that the process of decomposition of carbonate mineral in the composition of phosphate ore by solutions of mineral salts leads to activation of phosphate component. It was established that the greatest activating effect is provided by the use of ammonium salt solutions when interacting with phosphate flour subjected to mechanical activation. Under optimal conditions, up to 45 % P₂O₅ of phosphorite can be converted into a digestible form, which is a prerequisite for the development of resource-saving and environmentally safe technology for processing phosphate raw materials into complex fertilizers of prolonged action.

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