RADON IN THE AIR OF PREMISES IN THE SETTLEMENTS OF VITEBSK REGION

Radon from natural and anthropogenic radiation sources contributes significantly to the public exposure. For that reason, systematic radon monitoring is carried out in Belarus. The main source of radon in the air of premises is its emanation from the geological space under the buildings. The results of radon monitoring in 665 premises in 21 settlements of Vitebsk region are presented. The parameters investigated were: radon volumetric activity in the air of home accommodations and industrial premises (ОАRn), radon equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity and annual effective dose of public exposure due to radon-222 and its progenies (ERn). The excess values of radon volumetric activity in relation to the statutory criteria (200 Bq/m3 ) have been detected for 18 premises (2.7 %). Among them 16 are living accommodation and 2 are industrial premises. The weighted average annual effective dose of public exposure due to radon and its progenies in Vitebsk region is 4.5 mSv per year. Its value for Polatsk district is 2 mSv per year and 7.6 mSv per year – for Glubokae district. Maximum of the weighted average annual effective dose is reported for Garadok dictrict and it makes 32.4 mSv per year. The population exposure to radon and its progenies is the main dose forming factor in comparison with other natural and anthropogenic radiation sources, including exposure from Chernobyl radionuclides.

1. Lecomte J. F., Solomon S., Takala J., Jung T., Strand P., Murith C., Kiselev S., Zhuo W., Shannoun F., Janssens A., “Radiological protection against radon exposure. Perevod publikacii 126 MKRZ”, Publishing house “FGBU SSC FMBC im. A. I. Burnazyan FMBA of Russia», Moscow, RU, Available at: http://www. icrp. org/docs/P126_Russian. pdf, (accessed 25 October 2016).

2. Iaroshevich O. I., Karabanov A. K., Konopel’ko M. V., Matveev A. V., Zhuk I. V., Vasilevskii L. L. Lukashevich Zh. A., “Studies on the radon problem in Belarus and other countries of Europe”, Vestnik Fonda fundamental’nykh issledovanii [Bulletin of the Foundation for Fundamental Research], 2013, no 4, pp. 101–117.

3. Tirmarche M., Harrison J. D., Laurier D., Paguet F., Blanchardon E., Marsh J. V., “Lung cancer risk from radon and progeny and statement on radon. Perevod publikacii 115 MKRZ”, Publishing house “FGBU SSC FMBC im. A. I. Burnazyan FMBA of Russia», Moscow, RU, Available at: http://www. icrp. org/docs/P115_russian%20edition. pdf, (accessed 25 October 2016).

4. Karabanov A. K., Zhuk I. V., Iaroshevich O. I., Konopel’ko M. V., Lukashevich Zh. A., Vasilevskii L. L., “Radon: health, hazard, protective measures”, Nauka i innovatsii [Science and Innovation], 2013, no. 4(122), pp. 63–67.

5. Karabanov A. K., Matveev A. V., Chunikhin L. A., Drozdov D. N., Chekhovskii A. L., Zhuk I. V., Iaroshevich O. I., Konopel’ko M. V., “Radon and its progeny in the air of living accommodation within the territory of Belarus”, Sbornik nauchnykh Trudov «Prirodopol’zovanie» [Nature management: collected articles], Minsk, BY, 2015, no. 27, pp. 49–53.

6. Chunikhin L. A., “Radon: history, characteristics, significance”, Institute of Radiobiology of the NASB, 2016, Available at: http://www. irb. basnet. by/ru/radon-istoriya-svojstva-znachenie/, (accessed 25 January 2017).

7. Matveev A. V., “The features of the «local» (ground) radon distribution in the soil air of the mantle of Belarus”, Doklady NAN Belarusi [The reports of the NASB], 2015, vol. 59, no. 4, pp. 107–112.

8. Matveev A. V., “Zoning of the territory of Belarus in order of radon hazard of the soils”, Doklady NAN Belarusi [The reports of the NASB], 2016, vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 108–112.

9. Chunikhin L. A., Chekhovskii A. L., Drozdov D. N., “The radon hazard map of the Republic of Belarus”, Radiatsionnaia gigiena [Radiation hygiene], 2016, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 43–46.

10. Chekhovskii A. L., Drozdov D. N., “Mapping territory of Gomel, Mogilev and Vitebsk regions for complex radon index and radon volumetric activity in living accommodation”, Radiatsiia i risk [Radiation and Hazard], 2016, vol. 25, no. 4. pp. 126–136.

11. Karabanov A. K., Chunikhin L. A., Drozdov D. N., Chekhovskii A. L., Zhuk I. V., Iaroshevich O. I., Konopel’ko M. V., “The radon hazard map of Belarus”, Prirodnye resursy [Natural resources], 2015, no. 2, pp. 73–78.

12. MVI. MN. 1808-2002, Metodika opredeleniia ob”emnoi aktivnosti radona v vozdukhe zhilykh i proizvodstvennykh pomeshchenii s ispol’zovaniem integral’nykh radonometrov na osnove tverdotel’nykh trekovykh detektorov al’ fa-chastic [Measurement procedure MN. 1808-2002 The method for the radon volumetric activity determination in the air of living accommodation and industrial premises by use of integral radonmeters based on solid-state track detectors of the alpha particles], Minsk, BY, 2002.

13. Nikolaev V. A., Buzynniy M. G., Vorobiev I. V., Gromov A. V., Krivokhatskiy A. S., Los I. P., Zelenskiy A. V., Tomilin Yu. A., “Application of the track method for radon measurements in Ukraine”, Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements, 1993, no. 21(3), pp. 433–436.

14. Trebovaniia k radiatsionnoi bezopasnosti: sanitarnye normy i pravila: utv. M-vom zdravookhraneniia Resp. Belarus’ 28.12.2012 № 213 [Radiation safety requirements: sanitary codes and regulations: approved by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus on 28.12.2012 no. 213], Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus, Minsk, BY, 2012.

15. MUK BY 11-8-6-2002, Provedenie radiatsionno-gigienicheskogo obsledovaniia zhilykh i obshchestvennykh zdanii. Metodicheskie ukazaniia: utv. Gl. gos. sanitar. vrachom Resp. Belarus’ 10.08.2002. [Measurement techniques BY 11-8-6-2002 Implementation of the radiative and hygienic survey of living accommodation and industrial premises. Guidelines: approved by the Chief State Sanitarian of the Republic of Belarus 10.08.2002], RCHE, Minsk, BY, 2002.

16. Instruktsiia 2.6.1.10-12-22-2006, Otsenka individual’nykh effektivnykh doz oblucheniia naseleniia za schet prirodnykh istochnikov ioniziruiushchego izlucheniia: utv. Gl. gos. sanitar. vrachom Resp. Belarus’ 17.10.2006 [Guidline 2.6.1.10- 12-22-2006 The assessment of the individual effective dose of public exposure from natural radiation sources: approved by the Chief State Sanitarian of the Republic of Belarus 17.10.2006], Minsk, BY, 2006.

17. Il’in A., Iarmonenko S. P. (ed.), Istochniki i effekty ioniziruiushchego izlucheniia: otchet NKDAR OON 2000 goda General’noi Assamblee s nauchnymi prilozheniiami. Tom 1: istochniki (chast’ 1) [UNSCEAR 2000 report: annex B. Sources and effects of ionizing radiation, Volume 1: Sources], Radekon, Moscow, RU, 2002.

18. Vanmarke H., “Radon: A special case in radiation protection”, Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 2008, no. 130, pp. 1–5.

19. Vlasova N. G., Visenberg Y. V., Evtushkova G. N., Drozd E. A., Mataras A. N., Eventova L. N., Tolstoi V. V., Katalog srednikh godovykh effektivnykh doz oblucheniia zhitelei naselennykh punktov Respubliki Belarus’ [Catalogue of the average annual effective doses of public exposure for settlements of the Republic of Belarus], Republic Scientific Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, Gomel, BY, 2014.

20. Karabanov A. K., Matveev A. V., Gindiuk N. T., Gindiuk V. V., Micura V. I., Zhuk I. V., Vasilevskii L. L., Leont’eva T. G., Lukashevich Zh. A., “Radon in air inside buildings in settlements of Brest region and effective doses of population irradiation caused by radon-222 and products of its decay”, Vestsі Natsyyanal’nai akademіі navuk Belarusі. Seryia khіmіchnykh navuk [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Chemistry Series], 2016, no. 2, pp. 91–97.