Using emulsification technique, magnetic microspheres (MMS) were prepared from solutions of alginate, pectin, gelatin, chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol. Index of polidispersity of the microspheres was ≤ 0.1. The microspheres from gelatin, chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol covalently crosslinked with glutaraldehyde were resistant to sonication and hydrolysis at room temperature in buffer solution with pH   7.4. The microspheres containing superparamagnetic magnetite particles demonstrated no residual magnetization. After modification, chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol MMS were used for immunomagnetic separation of cells and germs.

On the base of fibrous ion exchangers, indicator materials were obtained for sorbates of an alkaline and acidic nature, intended to visualize the working time of the filter layer during ion exchange air purification. The optimal conditions for their production and operation were determined. The practical applicability for the manufacture of indicator cartridges for filters of deep air purification and personal protective equipment for human respiratory organs and skin with the aim of timely visualizing of the sorption resource depletion, due to the contrast and sensitivity of the color change, was demonstrated.

Sodium titanates were obtained by hydrothermal treatment using titanium tetrabutoxide (ТBT), titanium tetroisopropoxide (TIPT), hydrated titanium dioxide (prepared by hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide) or air-dried TiO₂ sol with a molar ratio of TBT/TIPT/TiO₂: NaOH equal to 1:10–80, at the temperature 130–180 °C and treatment time 24–72 h. Samples were characterized by the adsorption method, X-ray phase analysis, scanning electron microscopy. The photocatalytic properties of nanostructured titanate in the H-form in the process of Rhodamine FL–BM photodegradation under UV-irradiation (K = 0.03–0.05 min^–1), as well as the electrorheological properties, were evaluated. Partially hydrated sodium titanates as a filler of the electrorheological dispersion (the filler content of dispersion was 5 %) exhibited the shear stress of 50–60 Pa and the leakage current density of 1.0–1.5 μA/cm² at an electric field strength of E = 4 kV/cm at a shear rate of 17.1 s^–1.

In the extraction systems of hexane–aqueous solutions of potassium carbonate, ammonium sulfate and sodium chloride, the distribution of a number of organic compounds (benzyl alcohol, tetrahydrofuran, phenol, aniline, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, n-butylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, benzylamine) was studied. It was shown that sodium chloride, the most frequently used as a salting out agent, is noticeably inferior in salting ability to potassium carbonate, dipotassium phosphate and ammonium sulfate, since it contains singly charged ions with a relatively low charge density. Using the method of group increments on the example of aliphatic alcohols, the salting out ability of a number of mineral salts with singly charged ions was evaluated. By the value of this ability, the salts studied are arranged in the following order: NaNO₂ > NaCl > KCl ~ NaBr > NaClO₄ > KJ > NH₄NO₃ > NH₄SCN. At the same time, the salting out effect of the last four salts from the above series is small. Based on the usage of the group increment method, the nature of the salting out effect is additionally confirmed, which consists, first of all, in strengthening the structure of the saline solution and increasing the increment of the methylene group (I_CH2) with increasing the salt concentration.

Methodological approaches to the synthesis of 2-arylpyrimidine amides with predicted antitumor activity using the design of chimeric molecules by combining pharmacophore fragments of known antitumor drugs are considered. The results of the synthesis of chimeric amides containing, along with the 2-amino-pyrimidine fragment, fragments of other nitrogen and oxygen-containing heterocycles (piperazine, morpholine, isoxazole, etc.), aromatic cycles (benzene, methylnitroaniline, phenylenediamine) and functional (methyl-, amino-, carboxy-, etc.) groups in different positions of the molecule, are presented.

The synthesis was developed and physic-chemical properties of the pharmaceutical substance the di-L-arginine succinate were determined. Its cardioprotective effectiveness in cases of ischemic-reperfusion injury of the myocardium was demonstrated in experiments on rats. The substance was used to obtain the drug Inokardin of cardioprotective action.

Curcumin is a chemical compound with antioxidant properties as well as strong anti-inflammatory, antiviral, analgesic, antimicrobial and antitumor effect, contained in the tuberous rhizomes of the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa). Curcumin derivatives are being intensively studied as potential drugs – antitumor drugs for the treatment of certain forms of cancer. The presence of reactive functional groups makes curcumin a convenient starting compound for the further chemical modification. The esters of curcumin and 5-phenylisoxazole-3-carboxylic acid, 5-(p-tolyl)isoxazole-3-carboxylic acid, 4,5- dichloroisothiazole-3-carboxylic acid and adduct of 5-(p-tolyl)isoxazol-3-carbaldehyde with curcumin were synthesized. Esters were obtained by acylation of curcumin with heterocycle-containing carboxylic acid chloride in diethyl ether in the presence of triethylamine. The IR and NMR spectra of the obtained compounds are described.

Spin-labeled (acylated with 4-doxylpentanoic acid) emoxypine, methionine, o-anisidine were synthesized. The compounds obtained were characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Synthesized spin-labeled compounds can be used for biochemical studies using EPR spectroscopy.

We report herein improved version of the synthesis of hapten based on cholecalciferol and its active metabolite 25-hydroxycholecalcalferol. The methodology of obtaining high-molecular immunogenic conjugates of vitamin D₃ derivatives with bovine serum albumin and horseradish peroxidase conjugates for direct ELISA was optimized. Immunisation of rabbits was carried out and polyclonal antibodies to 25-hydroxycholecalceferol were obtained and tested in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To improve the accuracy of the method, the sample preparation procedure was optimized, including the release of vitamin D₃ and its active metabolites from complexes with vitamin D-binding protein.

The sorption properties of new iminodiacetate fibrous cation exchanger FIBAN XC-1 synthesized on a chemically resistant matrix of polypropylene fiber with a grafted copolymer of styrene and divinylbenzene, which can withstand elevated temperatures and aggressive environments, were studied. It was shown that the fibrous chelate ion exchanger FIBAN XC-1 is an effective sorbent of heavy and non-ferrous metals from multi-ionic aqueous solutions under static and dynamic conditions. It was found that the cation exchanger operates at high speeds up to 20 column volumes / min in water purification from copper and lead ions (purification from Cu²⁺ – 82 % and purification from Pb²⁺– 65 %). It was found that the fibrous chelate ion exchanger FIBAN XC-1 is easily regenerated and does not lose its sorption and mechanical properties in the sorption– regeneration cycles.

The estimation of the resources and qualitative content of the raw materials of Slavnoe peat deposit, which is reserved by the government for biothermochemical proceeding, has been conducted. The potential directions of the complex use of raw materials are grounded based on the conducted complex of the research of organic and mineral, group and botanical contents, technological characteristics and the peat funds of Slavnoe deposit. Activated carbon, oil sorbent and concentrated microfertilizer are suggested as the main types of the products of the deep complex processing of the peat studied.

The process of forming epoxy powder compositions with the participation of highly dispersed magnesium oxide in the preparation of compositions by extrusion mixing of components in the melt is investigated. It is established that highly dispersed MgO particles participate in the polymerization process and act as additional crosslinking units of defective regions of the polymer network, which improves the functional properties of epoxy powder compositions. Coatings based on modified compositions are characterized by high physicomechanical properties at low temperature curing (130 °С) and can be used to form protective coatings on heat-sensitive products.

The excess of magnesium chloride brines is formed during the polymineral ores processing in order to obtain potassium sulfate. One way to regenerate such brines is to produce artificial carnallite. It is necessary to purify these brines from sulfates for their further use as raw materials for the artificial carnallite production. In this work, the process of desulfurization of magnesium chloride brines with a solution of calcium chloride is studied. The temperature and the processing time, the magnesium chloride solutions concentration and the consumption of desulfurizing agent (calcium chloride) influence on the degree of magnesium chloride solutions purification from sulfate ions was determined. It has been established that almost all sulfate ions interact with calcium ion in 15 minutes and the desulfurization degree reaches 98,08 %. The increase in duration of the suspension mixing is necessary in order to establish equilibrium in the system and relieve the supersaturation in the solution. It has been shown that with increasing solutions saturation with MgCl₂, the degree of the magnesium chloride brines purification from SO₄ ^2– ion increases. Complete precipitation of calcium sulfate requires a certain excess concentration of calcium chloride.

A critical review of the methods for producing pyrolysis waste oils was carried out, the possibilities and limitations of each approach were discussed. Liquid pyrolysis products (pyrolysis oils) are promising source of valuable chemical compounds, and can be also used as a fuel. A reliable analysis of pyrolysis oils is necessary to study their component composition, basic characteristics and to select the most suitable methods for the extraction of the necessary compounds. It is known that the results of GC-MS analysis of liquid pyrolysis products are usually ambiguous: there are problems of peaks overlapping and incorrect interpretation of the data, due to the complexity of the matrix and the multicomponent composition of the object. The paper presents data on the chemical composition of pyrolysis oils obtained by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, NMR spectrometry, GC-MS, GC-GC/MS. Based on the presented results, pyrolysis oil usually contains aromatic compounds, water-soluble substances and hydrocarbons. It was found out that there are conflicting data on the chemical composition of the pyrolysis oils of waste tires in the scientific literature. It is proposed to carry out sequential extraction sample preparation of pyrolysis mixtures to increase the reliability and accuracy of the componential and quantitative composition of the GC-MS method. Obviously, a reliable analysis of complex pyrolysis mixtures without preliminary targeted sample preparation seems unlikely.

Vladimir Fedorovich Loginov (To the 80th anniversary of his birth).

Gavryla Ivanovich Goretsky (To the 120th anniversary of his birth).