A short historical reference on National Academy of Science’s Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, its organizational structure, research directions and main achievements in the fields of organic chemistry, physical chemistry and polymer chemistry.

Over the past 10-15 years, there have been considerable advances in understanding of defense mechanisms associated with elicitors. A large number of them has been identified. Although their practical use only begins, the first examples of elicitors as tools for plant protection are already available on the market. This review has focused on current knowledge of the elicitors and their application. Special attention is given to endogenous peptide elicitors, that are now the object of growing interest.

Sorption properties of fibrous strong acid cation exchanger FIBAN K-1 have been investigated for sorption of mono-, di- and triethylamine from air; dynamic and full sorption capacity on each component have been determined. It has been found that no steric hindrance affects interaction between the functional group of fibrous cation exchanger and amines; swelling of fibrous cation exchanger in ammonia and amines’ water solution does not depend on the type of counter ion. It has been established that kinetic factors prevail over thermodynamic ones in the process of triethylamine sorption.

Sorption properties of fibrous weak acid cation exchanger FIBAN K-4 have been investigated for sorption of mono-, di- and triethylamine from air. It has been found that main factors governing sorption effectiveness are: a) relative humidity; b) kinetic factors (amines’ low diffusion speed into the ion exchanger phase). Increased swelling for the ion exchanger in the amine ionic form has been observed. By ab initio quantum chemical calculations it has been shown that water molecules in the ion exchanger are located between amine molecules (ions) and functional groups, forming an intermediate layer.

Screening investigations of organic and mineral substances’ removal from the different surface water sources by nanofiltration membranes have been carried out. It has been found that degree of water purification from organic substances was high, regardless to their concentration and filtrate conversion. On the contrary, removal degree for dissolved mineral substances depended highly on nanofiltration operating conditions and the water source origin.

Kinetics of silver nanoparticle formation in the reaction between silver nitrate and (poly)ethylene glycol 400 produced by Aldrich, BASF, BioChemica and Fluka has been studied. It has been found that different polyethylene glycol samples show significant variations of behavior in this process. The initial rate of (poly)ethylene glycol reaction with silver ions has been found to vary broadly when (poly)ethylene glycol samples of different manufacturers are used. It has been shown that kinetic curves of the (poly)ethylene glycols produced by Aldrich, BASF and Fluka can be fitted by Boltzmann sigma function while the kinetic curve of (poly)ethylene glycol produced by BioChemica can be fitted by reversed exponential growth equation.

The results for quantum chemical studies of azo dyes absorbing in near IR spectral band, obtained by semiempirical ZINDO method and non-empirical SCF MO LCAO method, have been summarized. It has been found that theoretically modelled structures absorb at 833-1056 nm with f = 1,05-1,71.

A plant for studying fibrous carbon catalytic systems in the low temperature carbon monoxide oxidation reaction under human breath simulation conditions has been developed. Under human breath simulation conditions in absence of water, catalytic activity of the system is attributed to presence of highly dispersed palladium oxide in the palladium-copper-iron catalyst, and the reaction mechanism for these conditions is a separate one.

The method for synthesis of 3,4,4-trichlorobut-3-ennitrile has been improved. The substitution products of internal chlorine atom by azido group, monoethanolamine fragment and also its esters with 5-( p-tolyl)isoxazole- and 4,5-dichloroisothiazole-3-carboxylic acids have been prepared. It has been found that HCl cleaves C-N bond in esters producing hydrochlorides of isothiazole-3- and isoxazole-3-carboxylic acid aminoesters, which. Under acylation by isoxazolyl- and isothiazolyl carbonyl chlorides formed mixed amido esters with different azole moieties.

Synthesis of 5-arylisoxazole-3-carboxylates of the long chain primary alcohols hav been described.

Using trifluoracetyl and tert-butoxycarbonyl protection for amine groups, preparative methods for synthesis of prolylleucylproline have been developed.

Preparative methods of synthesis of N-(4-bromo-2-carboxyphenyl)-glycine and monopotassium salt of N-(2- carboxyphenyl)-glycine have been developеd.

New 12-aryl(heteryl)pyrimido[5,4-b]-4,7-phenanthroline-9,11 (7H,8H,10H,12H )-diones have been synthesized by the three-component condensation of pyrimidin-2,4,6(1Н,3Н,5Н )-trione, 6-quinolinamine and aromatic or heteroaromatic aldehydes. Intermediate 5-[(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(quinolin-6-ylamino)methyl] pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H )-trione has been isolated.

The ion exchangers have been obtained by treatment of acrylonitrile-vinylchloride co-polymer with dimetylaminopropylamine and potassium hydroxide aqueous solutions. It has been shown that potentiometric titration alone cannot be used to distinguish between anionic and cationic groups. For determination of their types, sorption of both cations and anions of the supporting electrolyte should be measured. It has been found out that four types of the ion exchange sites form in these polyampholytes: free amino and carboxylic groups and their bifunctional associates.

Fibrous amino carboxylic ion exchangers with different anionic and cationic exchange capacity have been prepared by a new method of the high-temperature catalytic amination of the PAN fiber nitrile groups. Chelating ion exchangers with aminodiacetic functional groups has been obtained from these ion exchangers by alkylation reaction. Mechanical properties of monofilaments of obtained materials have been studied. Acid-base properties for each functional group type of the synthesized ion exchangers have been determined by the earlier proposed method.

The influence of organic solvent properties on polyamide composite hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane separation performance was studied. It was found that membrane permeability strongly correlates with the surface tension of the solvent: the pure water flux is decreased and rejection increased. The correlation between other physical properties of organic solvent (boiling point, dielectric constant, density, refractive index, etc) and the membrane permeability was not found.

The composition of complex hydrophobic plasticizer for portland cement concretes has been developed on the basis of wax-bearing emulsion and the hardening accelerator, and its behavior in portland cement mixtures has been studied.

The results are presented for studies on the use of modern hierarchical modeling methods to improve the aesthetic and performance characteristics of ceramic brick by treating the surface with organomineral coatings at the different stages of its production process.

An essential oil from foliage of Picea abies growing at territories removed from technogenic influence, has been obtained by the hydrodistillation method. The essential oil content in foliage has been determined. The composition of the oil has been studied by gas chromatography, and 19 main components with content 1% w/w or higher, have been identified. It has been established that the yield of essential oil depends on age and sampling time of the green mass. Age and seasonal variability of the oil composition has been studied.