Emulsification of water solutions of NaCl and CaCl₂ in isooctane with Span 85 and Tween 85 additives was found to depend on the salt content and the cation nature, Ca²⁺ being more effective stabilizer than Na+. When the solutions of 275 g/l glutaraldehyde with 1М CaCl₂ in water and 2.8 %m Span 85 with 1.5 %m Tween 85 in isooctane were mixed and sonicated, the transparent emulsion (turbidity <20 FNU) was acquired. It was used as а crosslinking agent to synthesize microspheres from magnetic fluids containing polyvinyl alcohol and magnetite nanoparticles dispersed as microdroplets in isooctane. The microspheres were modified with avidin and used for immunomagnetic separation of cells.

Using a simple two-stage method including the electrochemical synthesis of Ni nanotubes in the pores of PET membranes and their coating with gold or platinum, nanotubes with a structure of the «magnetic core - noble metal shell» type have been synthesized. The morphology of the coating is a thin continuous film with growths of various shapes. X-ray diffraction analysis estimated separate phases of nickel (core) and noble metal (coating). The magnetic properties of coated nanotubes do not differ significantly from the properties of the initial nanotubes. The method allows one to synthesize structures such as one-dimensional nanostructures of the «magnetic core - noble metal shell» type for use in the detection of chemical and biological compounds, as magnetic carriers for the delivery of drugs and genes, which can also be used as multicyclic catalysts on a magnetic carrier.

Methods of binary and ternary powdery alloys (Cu-Sn, Cu-Zn, Ni-Cu-Zn, Ni-Sn-Zn, Cu-Fe, Ni-Cu-Fe, Ni-Cu, Ni-Cu-Al) preparation with core-shell particles structure have been developed using the processes either of copper, nickel, tin ions cementation from solutions with tin, zinc, iron powders or nickel chemical deposition from hypophosphite solutions on the mixtures of copper and aluminum powders. Metals quota in the powdery products can be controlled by varying the duration of cementation or chemical deposition, the ratio of reagents quantities, pH and concentration of solutions. The possibility of simultaneous reduction of nickel(II) and tin(II) ions with zinc powder or copper(II) and nickel(II) ions with iron powder with the formation of ternary alloys has been revealed. Low-temperature formation of intermetallic phases in Cu-Sn, Ni-Sn-Zn systems and solid solutions in Ni-Cu-Zn, Cu-Fe, Ni-Cu-Fe systems has been shown to occur during the cementation. The particles of the initial powders (Al, Cu) are coated with loose and more or less sealed shells during nickel chemical reduction from solutions. Spherical particles, flower-type compact aggregates or dendrites, depending on the nature of metals and processes duration, are formed during the cementation. The powders obtained by cementation andchemical deposition from solutions can be used in the manufacture of products for structural and instrumental (Cu-Sn, Cu-Zn, Ni-Cu-Zn, Ni-Sn-Zn, Cu-Fe, Ni-Cu, Ni-Cu-Al), antifriction (Ni-Cu-Fe, Ni-Cu) and electrical (Ni-Cu, Ni-Cu-Zn) applications, as well as solders (Cu-Zn, Ni-Sn-Zn).

Electrokinetic properties of colloid calcium phosphates, i. e. dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (brushite), tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, have been determined in different media. Obtained Z-values ranging from -29 to +21 mV indicate the ability of calcium phosphate particles to adsorb both cations (Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺) and anions (OH^-, NO₃^-, CO₃^2-, HPO₄²). Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate ζ -potential values are positively shifted by 2-9 mV as compared to that of hydroxyapatite, and ζ -potentials of tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite differ slightly by 1-3 mV owing to its apatitic nature. During the maturation of hydroxyapatite, its absolute Z-potential values are gradually increased from +6 to +22 mV and from -19 до -27 mV due to the lowering of Ca²⁺ content in mother solution rather than an increase of Ca/P molar ratio of dispersed phase. According to the data obtained, the electrokinetic properties of calcium phosphate particles are rather determined by their crystal structure than by Ca/P molar ratio.

Using the methods of viscometry and potentiometry, the interaction of polyacrylamide and polyacids with different hydrophobicity (polyacrylic, polymethacrylic, copolymer of methacrylic acid with а-pinene) in an acidic medium (pH 2.53.5) was studied and the composition of polymer complexes formed was determined. The dependence of the solubilizing ability of polymer complexes on the hydrophobicity of polyacids, polymer concentration, and the type of solubilizate was described.

The regularities of colloidal particles formation in the volume of acetone and glycol SnCl₂ solutions in presence of a number of stabilizing additives have been investigated. It was found that in relation to oxidation and hydrolysis of Sn (II) acetone and glycol solutions are much more stable than aqueous and alcohol solutions. The factors influencing their mediation activity in relation to the fixation of an inorganic nitrogen-phosphorus-containing flame retardant on polyester matrix have been established. It has been proven that the formation of numerous homogeneous colloidal particles with sizes not exceeding 20-25 nm in the volume of SnCl₂ solutions is a necessary condition for achieving a high mediating effect on fixing a fire retardant on a polyester surface.

Natural and synthetic derivatives of acridine and pyrimidoquinoline series are of considerable interest for study as antiviral, antitumor, antibacterial, antiparasitic agents; they are also useful in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. The combination of acridine and pyrimidoquinoline cycles with other pharmacophore groups can lead to a synergistic effect of their properties, the appearance of new types of biological activity, as well as a reducing of the severity of side effects. The synthesis of new derivatives of 8,9,10,12-tetrahydrobenzo[a]acridin-11(7H)-one and 10,12-dihydrobenzo[f] pyrimido [4,5-b] quinoline-9,11 (7H, 8H)-dione containing isoxazole, isothiazole heterocycles, ferrocene fragment, as well as nicotinic and isonicotinic acid residues covalently attached via ester groups to different positions of the aromatic nucleus, is described. A three-component cascade condensation of aromatic amines, aldehydes and cyclic β —dicarbonyl compounds was carried out by refluxing in butanol. The heat effects of the cyclization reaction have been determined using the DFT / B3LYP1 / MIDI method. The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds was assessed on four different cancer cell lines (RKO, COLO320, LS174T, SW480).

Modification of 5'-OH group of nucleic acids by substituents with various physicochemical properties is important for molecular biology. Investigation of symmetric and asymmetric substitution of 5'-hydroxyl of dsDNA by 4,4'-dimetho-xytrityl (DMT) group seems interesting. Symmetric substitution can allow performing a selective ligation of dsDNA assembled from oligonucleotides by polymerase chain reaction as compared to shortened assembly by-products into a plasmid vector. Synthesis of asymmetrically labeled 5'-DMT dsDNA in case of presence of exonuclease specific to 5'-end modifications will allow obtaining a long synthetic ssDNA used for site-specific gene insertion into a genome by CRISPR/Cas9 technique. To conduct such investigations, it is necessary to know whether synthetic 5'-DMT oligonucleotide is stable under PCR conditions. Here we demonstrated by high performance liquid chromatography with UV (260 nm) and mass-spectrometric detection that 5'-DMT group of synthetic oligonucleotide is stable under PCR conditions but the presence of thiol compounds can decrease a yield of 5'-DMT dsDNA. We plan a further research on influence of 5'-DMT group of synthetic DNA on functionality of various enzymes.

By dynamic experiments, the purpose of which was to establish the time during which the saturation of sorbents occurs, as well as the maximum amount of total IgG bound, the saturation and capacity properties were revealed. Sorption dynamics data have been obtained for tripeptides: Phe-Trp-DTyr, Trp-Phe-DTyr, Phe-Ala-Tyr-OMe, Phe-Asn-Tyr-OMe, Phe-Asp (Bzl)-Tyr-OMe, Phe-Gln-Tyr-OMe and Phe-Gly-Tyr. Specific saturation was reliably confirmed for the Phe-Trp-DTyr sample and the Phe-Gln-Tyr-OMe sample. Other samples of sorbents show positive dynamics with episodic periods of desorption, with further alignment of the positive dynamics of the sorption process.

Cellulose-chitosan composite fibers were obtained by the method of wet spinning from joint solutions in phosphoric acid. Thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermogravimetry (DTG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) methods have been used to evaluate their thermal properties in the range of 20-600 °C in air atmosphere. It was found that the temperature of the maximum decomposition rate of composite fibers lies between the temperatures characteristic of individual components. It is shown that the addition of chitosan to cellulose leads to an increase in the mass of the carbon residue and gives the cellulosic fibers a self-extinguishing property. The observed effect is explained by the uniform distribution of cellulose and chitosan macromolecules and their aggregates separated by interphase layers in each other, in which a net of interpenetrating segments of both polymer macromolecules is represented. This provides the incombustibility for composite fibers with a chitosan content of more than 20 % and maintaining the integrity of the fibers after processing them with a solvent of chitosan-acetic acid.

The regularities of changes in the physicochemical properties of the compositions and the resulting coatings of anticorrosive soil from the qualitative and quantitative content of the ingredients included in them are established. It is shown that the chemical nature and concentration of polymer film-forming agents, pigments, fillers and small functional additives, especially those of a nanoscale level, have the great influence on their parameters. The obtained regularities and dependencies made it possible to experimentally justify the selection of components for the primer composition and to develop its preliminary formulation, and the evaluation of the properties of the composition and coatings based on it as a result of testing the manufactured experimental sample made it possible to create its optimal formulation and to produce an experimental batch in the factory. Extended tests of this batch indicate that its physicochemical, technological and operational parameters fully comply with the technical specifications. Experimental studies have also been carried out to study the properties of aqueous dispersions of epoxy oligomers and compositions based on them, which are supposed to be included in the composition of water-dispersed epoxy varnish. The selection of ingredients for its manufacture has been done. So, it was advisable to use a 60-70 % aqueous dispersion of an epoxy oligomer of our own patented composition containing the necessary surfaceactive agents as a film-forming agent, and the commercial product TELALIT 180 as a hardener for it was developed. A technology for applying a complex coating using water-based dispersion, fireproof primers and varnishes, which showed high anticorrosive properties in the protection of metal structures operating in conditions of increased corrosion real danger, has been developed.

Overview of the main experimental results in the field of new directions of phospholipolysis practical applications - enzyme therapy and diagnostics are presented. Phospholipases, which are enzymes that hydrolyze phospholipids, are known as markers of socially dangerous diseases: oncological, cardiovascular, infectious, inflammatory, etc. We proposed a number of diagnostic biosystems based on phosphatideacylhydrolases and hemoproteins: Phospholipase A₂-ligand, Phospholipase A₂-cytochrome P450, Phospholipase A₂-myoglobin, Phospholipase A₂-hemoglobin. The latter system was used to produce and implement for the first time in the clinical practice the diagnostic kit PLA₂-PHOA for identifying patients with necrotic pancreatitis. The results of preclinical and clinical testing of the PLA₂-PHOA kit for the detection of pancreatitis based on the determination of the activity of phospholipase A₂ of blood are presented and discussed.