The influence of the different types of oxygen on the structure and electrical conductivity of the perovskite-type nickelates were investigated. The nickelates La2NiO4+δ, La0,6Sr1,4NiO4–δ, Sr3Al0,75Ni1,25O7–δ were synthesised using the solidstate reaction route. Phase composition was determined by X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The iodometric titration technique was used to specify the oxygen content of the powders. Oxygen desorption and absorption, including oxygen index variation, were investigated by oxygen solid electrolyte coulometry (OSEC). Electroconductive properties of samples were studied by a standard DC four-point method. Utilizing OSEC technique, three mobile and one regular type of oxygen were observed in the perovskite layered nickelates with P/RS and 2P/RS structure. These four types of mobile oxygen differ in the binding energy to the crystal lattice and crystallographic positions. The desorption-sorption processes of various types of mobile oxygen have different effects on the thermal expansion of crystal lattice parameters. The regular oxygen, occupying the apex of octahedron, affects the lattice parameters most prominently. This type of oxygen changes the character of the temperature dependence of specific resistivity sufficiently. Interstitial oxygen does not yield such anomalies. 

The synthesis of catalysts based on cobalt, copper and manganese oxides by sol-gel method with combustion was carried out, and their catalytic activity was studied in the reaction of low-temperature oxidation of carbon monoxide to dioxide. Oxides of cobalt, copper and manganese, as well as their double oxides (Co–Mn, Cu–Mn and Co–Cu) were synthesized. X-ray phase analysis showed the formation of manganites and oxides of corresponding metals in the Co–Mn and Cu–Mn systems. It was revealed that in the Co–Cu system only oxides of separate metals are formed. It was found that cobaltmanganese and copper-manganese oxide systems synthesized by sol-gel combustion method exhibit high catalytic activity in the low-temperature (110–140 0C) conversion of carbon monoxide into dioxide. One-step synthesis of Cu–Mn/Al2O3 catalytic system was also carried out by sol-gel method with burning precursors with binder hydrogel (Al2O3), and its high activity in low-temperature conversion of carbon monoxide was revealed. The catalytic systems were investigated by X-ray diffraction, IR spectral methods, BET, SEM. The results obtained show the possibility of obtaining active multicomponent oxide catalysts in low-temperature oxidation of carbon monoxide by technologically simple sol-gel combustion method. 

Copolymers of methacrylic acid and natural terpene monomers (α-pinene; β-pinene; ∆3-karene) with the molecular weight of (0.3–0.5)∙104 and a content of carboxyl groups of 14.5–16.3 % were synthesized. For the synthesized copolymers, hydrodynamic radius and the Kuhn segment, which characterizes flexibility of a polymer chain, were determined, as well as the Huggins constant in aqueous and saline solutions, and concentration regions for formation of supramolecular structures. In the presence of a cationic surfactant (benzetonium chloride, Hyamine), depending on the concentration of copolymers in the system, polymer-surfactant complexes were formed in soluble and insoluble forms. It has been shown that the effectiveness of the stabilizing action of soluble complexes with respect to an aqueous dispersion of calcium carbonate increases with an increase in the content of nonpolar groups in the polymer chain. A cationic surfactant (Hyamine) has been proposed as a precipitant in the method for the quantitative determination of carboxyl-containing polymers in aqueous and saline media. 

Several synthesis routes have been developed and correlations between the variables of the synthesis procedure and the physicochemical properties of nanoporous silica materials of the MCM-48 type deposited by the template method in the presence of a low-valent iron (II) cation have been investigated. Changes in the structure of silica mesoporous framework, its textural properties and the degree of energy inhomogeneity of the surface were studied depending on the Fe/Si molar ratio, pH values (4 and 9 units), stepwise calcination (673 and 923 K) and extraction of cetylpyridinium template with ethanol from xerogels. 

The distribution constants of amitraz and its three main metabolites (DMFF, DMF, DMA) for water–organic solvent (n-hexane, toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform) extraction systems were estimated. Based on the analysis of the substances distribution in the studied systems, it was established that dichloromethane is the optimal choice for amitraz and its metabolites liquid-liquid extraction for method development for their simultaneous determination in honey. Amitraz stability study in water-acetonitrile solutions with various additives demonstrated that 50 mM ammonia solution in water– acetonitrile mixture (1 : 1, vol.) should be used as solvent for the samples final solutions. 

The work covers synthesis and lipophilicity estimation of several BODIPY dyes. For these compounds, the distribution between 1-octanol and water layers is experimentally described and the corresponding partition coefficients LogP are calculated. The experimental LogP values are compared with popular fragment-based methods XLopP3, ALogPS, WLogP, SILICOS-IT and MLogP. Additionally, the hydrophobic and polar surface areas are found with quantum-mechanical calculations. That allowed to find a correlation between the LogP coefficient and the molecular surface topology, as well as to determine the corresponding incremental values of the methyl, acetyl, and phenyl substituents. 

The rheological properties of oxidized bitumen in the presence of fibrous materials based on cellulose and chrysotile asbestos used as stabilizing additives in the production of crushed stone-mastic asphalt concrete mixtures have been studied. It has been established that the supramolecular structure of fibers characterizing the interaction between macromolecules largely determines the effectiveness of their structuring action for oxidized bitumen. Thus, the introduction of cellulose fiber leads to an increase in the ability of the bitumen colloidal structure to the simultaneous occurrence of elastic and plastic components of deformation. This is due to the uniform distribution of the fiber in the dispersion medium of bitumen due to the penetration of hydrocarbon components of bitumen into the interfibrillary space of cellulose and the rupture of hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl groups. Тhe presence of strong structural bonds between chrysotile-asbestos macromolecules prevents the formation of strong reinforcing mesh in bitumen oils. As a result, the values of the structural and rheological parameters Pk1, Pk2 and Pm of the bitumen/chrysotile-asbestos composition are 1.5–2 times lower compared to the values for the bitumen/cellulose composition. The results of the study of the group composition and structural-rheological properties of bitumen compositions after heating at T = 163 °C indicate a higher stability of the bitumen-cellulose structure to the processes of thermal oxidative degradation compared to the structure formed in the bitumen/chrysotile-asbestos composition. By the method of thin-layer chromatography, it was found that the concentration of oils in the bitumen/chrysotile-asbestos composition is higher as compared to the bitumen/cellulose composition, indicating that the weakening of rheological properties and thermal stability in the presence of chrysotile-asbestos is not related to the microstructure of its fibers, which, according to some researchers, is prone to selective diffusion of oils into the capillaries of fibrils. 

The results of a study on the use of glauconite-containing overburden rocks of the Novodvorskoye deposit of the Pinsk district of the Brest region to produce glasses for various purposes are presented. The compositions of raw materials in the system «glauconite-containing rock – chalk – iron oxide – soda ash» have been developed, the limiting amount of the raw components and basic oxides in glasses have been optimized. It has been established that the main criterion for obtaining high-quality glasses is a rational combination of refractory and low-melting oxides, which ensures the homogeneity of glasses, working viscosity, the ability to form in various ways, the absence of a tendency to crystallization, black color in the mass, as well as a complex of satisfactory physical and chemical properties. The results of the study confirmed the prospects of using the glauconite-containing overburden for the synthesis of glasses for various purposes, which will contribute to the rational use of natural resources and associated minerals of the Novodvorskoye deposit of the Republic of Belarus, and will improve the environmental situation in the areas adjacent to the deposit.