Associates of nanoparticles (NP) of magnetite, ceria and their composite – Fe3O4 / CeO2 – with new amides containing fragments of inhibitors оf protein kinase and histone deacetylases have been obtained. Inorganic particles were formed in the presence of amides, with the one-step preparation of nanocarrier and its functionalization. In the 40-fold dilute sol, the hydrodynamic diameter of the associates increases in the series (CeO2)C2 < (Fe3O4)C2 < (Fe3O4/CeO2)C2. In an aqueous solution of 0.05 N HCl, 155 mM NaCl, simulating gastric juice, the half-time of the agglomeration of magnetite and associate of (Fe3O4)C2 is 415 and 140 minutes, respectively. 

Low-temperature isotherms of nitrogen adsorption-desorption of titanosilicate adsorbents deposited on supramolecular template using titanium sulphate and sodium silicate with module equal to 1 or 3 were measured. The isotherms measured belong to Types IV (a) and IV (b) adsorption isotherms by IUPAC classification. Titanosilicate materials with isothermal curves of such type can be offered as homogeneous adsorbents with mesoporous MCM-41 type of constituent element ordering, which is characteristic of mesoporous adsorbents with hexagonal packing of homogeneous cylindrical capillary. The characterization of titanosilicate samples by the analysis of capillary and condensation properties allows us to identify secondary and tertiary slit mesopores in them. 

The properties of composite copper coatings with inclusions of ultradispersed diamonds (UDD) and diamond soot (DS) in copper citrate electrolyte have been investigated. The concentrations of diamond-containing additives have been varied in the range of 0.2–2 g/l. Sizes of copper microcrystals, UDD and DS particles were determined from the scanning electron microscopy images. By means of the X-ray fluorescent analysis, the interrelation between concentration of diamondbearing additives in electrolyte and their content in the obtained coatings has been established. The minimal microporosity and the maximal microhardness correspond to concentration of 1.0 g/l for both UDD and DS suspensions in citrate copper coating electrolytes. Copper-UDD coating has increased protective properties (porosity 2 time/cm2 ) and uniformity of distribution of diamond-bearing particles on a surface in comparison with a monocoating and copper-DS coating. Using UDD in citrate copper coating electrolyte with a concentration of diamond-bearing additive of 1.0 g/l is more preferable for production of composite electrochemical coatings. 

The effect of coalescents of the different chemical composition on the properties of water epoxy dispersions and a hardener, as well as the films obtained from them, is investigated. The type and quantity of coalescent for formation of the coatings which are not conceding on quality to organic analogs is established. 

The influence of inorganic electrolytes on foam-forming properties and structure of the adsorptive layer of surfactants solutions at the solution-air interface has been investigated. It has been shown that introduction of inorganic electrolytes into the foam system is equivalent to the increase of foaming agent oleophilicity. Ways to regulate the foaming of surfactants in salt media using oleophilic organic compounds solubilization method, creation of compositions based on surface active homologues, combination cationic and anionic type surfactants, changes in the composition of the solvent medium are considered. 

A new approach to the synthesis of oligonucleotide-fatty acid conjugates is reported. It is based on Cu-catalyzed reaction between azide oligonucleotides and fatty acid derivatives with terminal triple bond (CuAAC). To demonstrate this approach, five derivatives of 11,11-D2-linoleic acid containing terminal alkyne group at different parts of the molecule were synthesized. A method of conjugation of alkyne 11,11-D2-linoleic acid with azide oligonucleotide T20 is developed, and the conditions (time, concentration of Cu catalyst, excess of alkyne reagent, composition of the solvent, etc.) are optimized. These conjugates are stable in biological media, have increased permeability through the cell membranes and can be used in gene therapy. 

Liquid crystal display devices are widely used in industries such as measuring instrumentation, consumer and industrial electronics, medical equipment and others. The production of these devices is a promising and growing branch of industry in Belarus. The analysis of the liquid crystal device market suggests that the demand for film polarizers of all types (transmissive, reflective and permeable-reflective) will increase due to the constant growth of liquid crystal device manufacture and their scope expanding. Currently, manufacturers of liquid crystal devices in Belarus buy polarizers abroad, and the price is determined by the manufacturers. Obviously, the researches aimed at creating domestic film polarizers of various functional purposes and for the development of technologies for their manufacture, are relevant. 4-aminoazobenzene (aniline yellow colorant) is used in the production of more complex intermediates, dyestuffs, chemical additives to polymers, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, etc. 4-aminoazobenzene is an accessible parent compound for the synthesis of promising compounds for the development of optical materials. By reaction of 4-aminoazobenzene series with vanillin aldehydes in a medium of boiling absolute methanol in the presence of catalytic amounts of glacial acetic acid, (E,E)-azoazomethynes with 75–88 % yields were synthesized. 

We report herein on the methods to introduce a desirable number of modifications into bovine serum albumin and horseradish peroxidase in a controlled manner. The low modification to protein ratio is required when the biological activity of the enzyme has to be preserved, and the high modification to protein ratio is needed when producing immunogens. By varying the linker and the site of antigen binding with the carrier protein, we were able to produce the antibodies of high specificity. Protein conjugates of tetracycline were synthesized and characterized. Immunization of mice was carried out and monoclonal antibodies for immunoassay of tetracycline were obtained and tested in ELISA, IC50=5 ug/ml. 

New 7a- and 7b-methyl-19-nortestosterone derivatives bearing nicotinic, 2-chloronicotinic and pyrazinecarboxylic acids fragments at C-17 have been prepared. The key intermediate, 19-nor-6-dehydrotestosterone acetate, was synthesized from solasodine. A copper (II) acetate catalyzed 1,6-conjugate addition of methylmagnesium iodide to 19-nor6-dehydrotestosterone acetate led to a mixture of 17b-acetoxy-7a-methylestr-4-en-3-one as major product and its 7b-isomer. Methanolysis and subsequent acylation of the resulting compounds with 2-chloronicotinoyl chloride, nicotinoyl chloride and pyrazinecarbonyl chloride gave the corresponding target 17b-(2-chloronicotinoyloxy)-7a-methylestr-4-en-3-one, 17b-(2-chloronicotinoyloxy)-7b-methylestr-4-en-3-one, 17b-nicotinoyloxy-7a-methylestr-4-en-3-one, 17b-pyrazinecarbonyloxy-7a-methylestr-4-en-3-one. 

The reserves of Cd, Pb and U in mobile forms (Memob) in the soils after keeping the soil samples at the fixed temperature in the range from –18 to +30 °C have been determined. It was established that in the air-dry conditions the reserves of Cdmob and Pbmob in the light loamy sod-podzol soil increased with increase of temperature up to +30 °C, and in peaty soil it was up to +15 °C with further insignificant decrease during subsequent temperature increase to +30 °C. At the same time, the reserve of Umob did not change in the sod-podzol soil and increased in the peaty soil up to +15 °С and decreased in both soils during further increase of temperature up to +30 °С. 

IR-spectroscopic results of study of primary kaolins of the Belarusian deposits «Sitnica» and «Dedovka» in a natural state and enriched by hydraulic sieve method are presented. The structural features of Belarusian kaolins as compared with known high-quality kaolin of Ukrainian deposits «Prosyanovskoe» are revealed, the values of crystallinity index are determined. Analysis of IR-spectra in the high-frequency region allowed us to establish the water connection forms in natural and enriched kaolins, the presence of OH-groups in the interlayer space, inside and on the surface of the octahedral layer and adsorbed water molecules, which can affect the rheology of kaolin suspensions. Silicate absorption band of kaolin, as well as intense peaks of deformation vibrations of quartz, typical for unenriched natural kaolin of Belarusian deposits, are in the lowfrequency region. Investigation using IR-spectroscopy made it possible to establish the structural features of natural kaolins related to the presence in the primary kaolin of the «Sitnitsa» and «Dedovka» deposits of the mineral of the kaolinite group of dikkite. The crystallinity index values (according to Hinckley) are established for natural and enriched kaolins «Sitnica» (0.94 and 1.11) and «Dedovka» (0.98 and 1.04) in comparison with kaolins of Prosyanovskoye deposit (1.31). 

The wood modified with thermochemical method including impregnation of wood samples with diane resin and subsequent heat treatment to cure the resin was obtained. The choice of the impregnating composition is explained, and the effect of the thermochemical modification conditions on the change of properties of birch and pine was studied. The indices of efficiency of impregnation and heat treatment of wood, as well as the mass fraction of free formaldehyde, water absorption, thermal stability and tensile strength under static bending, were determined. It is found that the wood modified with polymer based on diane resin has a number of improved properties as compared with natural timber: increased water resistance (the water absorption of modified birch wood decreased by 43.3 %, pine wood – by 37.7 %), higher heat resistance, higher strength properties. These results allow us to recommend modified wood for industrial applications. 

Shoenite synthesis process in one and two stages was investigated. Two-stage process allows us to obtain shoenite with lower amount of impurities. A composition of shoenite lye with equivalent indices x = 0.88 and y = 0.25 was estimated. For the shoenite synthesis in VCD the suspension humidity should be 60–62.7 % under the evaporation degree of 5–12 %. The optimal conditions for shoenite lye evaporation are as follows: evaporation degree 30–31 %, mixing of the hot evaporated suspension for 1 hour, filtration temperature of obtained suspension 80 °C. The equivalent indices of kainite lye are x = 0.97 and y = 0.06. 

The influence of amorphous silica, plasticizer, water-repelling agent and integrated hydrophobic plasticizing additives on structural characteristics, physico-mechanical, hydrophysical characteristics and salt resistance of magnesia binders was studied. Some of the structural parameters (average and true density; density coefficient; total, open and closed porosity) were matched to compressive strength, water and salt absorption, water and salt resistance of the materials. It is shown that the introduction of the amorphous silica contributes to the forming of water resistant magnesium-siliceous structures, clogging of the pore space of silicic acid and small increase of closed porosity, and the use of a plasticizer, water-repelling agent and integrated hydrophobic plasticizers - to increase of the density of magnesia structures, a substantial increase in closed porosity as the result of the forming of the solid mosaic hydrophobic films on the surface, which has a positive effect on many of the technological characteristics of magnesia materials. 

Vladimir Semenovich Komarov (To the 95th anniversary of his birth).